Volume 4.18 | May 14 - Pulmonary Cell News

Pulmonary Cell News 4.18 May 14, 2014

TOP STORY

Epigenetic Regulation of Tolerance to TLR Ligands in Alveolar Epithelial Cells
The authors hypothesized that type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) develop a tolerance phenotype upon repeated Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist exposure. Sequential treatment of primary AECs or MLE-12 with TLR agonists resulted in induction of either tolerance or cross-tolerance. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

Video Protocol: Mucociliary Differentiation of Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells

PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Linking Progression of Fibrotic Lung Remodeling and Ultrastructural Alterations of Alveolar Epithelial Type II Cells in the Amiodarone Mouse Model
Scientists hypothesized that ultrastructural alterations of the intracellular surfactant pool are signs of epithelial stress correlating with the severity of fibrotic remodeling. Mean volume of alveolar epithelial type II cells (AE2) cells, volume of lamellar bodies per AE2 cell and mean size of lamellar bodies were correlated to structural parameters reflecting severity of fibrosis like collagen content. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

In Vitro Suppression of IL-6 and IL-8 Release from Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells by Non-Anticoagulant Fraction of Enoxaparin
Scientists identified the fraction responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory effect of enoxaparin and to determine the relationship between its structure and biological activities. A549 pulmonary epithelial cells were pre-treated in the presence of enoxaparin and its fractions. [PLoS One] Full Article

Overexpression of Telomerase Protects Human and Murine Lung Epithelial Cells from Fas- and Bleomycin-Induced Apoptosis via FLIP Upregulation
Researchers hypothesized that telomerase overexpression affects Fas-induced epithelial cell apoptosis by an extra-telomeric role such as regulation of anti-apoptotic genes, specifically FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP). Telomerase in mouse and human lung epithelial cell lines was upregulated by transient transfection using cDNA hTERT expression vector. [PLoS One] Full Article

Ciliatoxicity in Human Primary Bronchiolar Epithelial Cells after Repeated Exposure at the Air-Liquid Interface with Native Mainstream Smoke of K3R4F Cigarettes with and without Charcoal Filter
Investigators present an in vitro model of primary normal human bronchiolar epithelial cells with in vivo like morphology to study the influence of cigarette mainstream smoke on ciliated cells. [Exp Toxicol Pathol] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Repression of TIF1γ by SOX2 Promotes TGF-β-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Researchers investigated the mechanistic role of transcriptional intermediary factor 1 γ (TIF1γ) in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as a link between TIF1γ and SOX2 in non-small-cell lung cancer. [Oncogene] Abstract

Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Patritumab Sensitizes Refractory Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Erlotinib
Heregulin overexpression induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells harboring an activating EGFR mutation, while human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) and AKT activation was maintained in the presence of erlotinib in heregulin-overexpressing, EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells. [Oncogene] Abstract

Enhanced Expression of Cohesin Loading Factor NIPBL Confers Poor Prognosis and Chemotherapy Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
The authors measured the expression of NIPBL in clinical non-small cell lung cancer specimens, and determined its effects on cellular processes and chemosensitivity in vitro. [J Transl Med] Abstract | Full Article

Low miR-145 Silenced by DNA Methylation Promotes NSCLC Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion by Targeting Mucin 1
Researchers report that miR-145 expression is decreased in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and tumor tissues and that this low level of expression is associated with DNA methylation. [Cancer Biol Ther] Abstract

Activation of M3 Muscarinic Receptor by Acetylcholine Promotes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion via EGFR/PI3K/AKT Pathway
Investigators found that acetylcholine dose-dependently promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells. [Tumour Biol] Abstract

Ski Prevents TGF-β-Induced EMT and Cell Invasion by Repressing SMAD-Dependent Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
The authors investigated the mechanistic role of Ski in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis. Ski was significantly reduced in metastatic NSCLC cells or tissues when compared with non-metastatic NSCLC cells or tissues. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

Take the "if" out of "diff": Reduce variability when differentiating to definitive endoderm

REVIEWS

Refining the Treatment of NSCLC According to Histological and Molecular Subtypes
The authors provide an overview of the key developments in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and discusses potential strategies to further optimize therapy by targeting disease subtypes. [Nat Rev Clin Oncol] Abstract

Circadian Clock Coupled Lung Cellular and Molecular Functions in Chronic Airway Diseases
The authors review current understanding of clock-controlled cellular and molecular functions in the lungs, the impact of clock dysfunction in chronic airway disease and the response of the pulmonary clock to different environmental perturbations. Further, they discuss the evidence for candidate signaling pathways, such as the sirtuin 1-BMAL1-REV-ERBα axis as novel target for chronopharmacological management of chronic airway diseases. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

SCIENCE NEWS

Pivotal Data for Roche Medicines in Lung and Blood Cancers to Be Presented
Roche announced that data from ten of its approved cancer medicines and ten of its investigational medicines will be presented. These data demonstrate the strength of Roche’s oncology pipeline, particularly in cancer immunotherapy and personalized medicine. [Press release from Roche Ltd. discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

Boehringer Ingelheim Showcases Expanding Presence in Lung Cancer with New Data Including Presentation of Gilotrif^® (Afatinib) Overall Survival Results for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Boehringer Ingelheim announced that the latest data from its oncology portfolio will be presented. A total of nine abstracts, including new data for afatinib and nintedanib, will emphasize the growing presence of Boehringer Ingelheim in lung and other cancer types. [Press release from Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

PharmaMar Announces New Advances in Oncology for Its Compounds YONDELIS^® and PM1183 in Small Cell Lung Cancer, Soft Tissue Sarcoma, and Mesothelioma
PharmaMar announced that it will present several clinical studies to showcase the data obtained in various tumor types, including SCLC, soft tissue sarcoma and mesothelioma. [Press release from PharmaMar discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

Astellas Announces New Data in Advanced Prostate and Breast Cancers, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, and Lung and Renal Cancers to Be Presented
Astellas announced several abstracts across multiple cancers that will be presented. [Press release from Astellas Pharma US, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

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INDUSTRY NEWS

Lilly and BioNTech Announce Research Collaboration on Novel Cancer Immunotherapies
Eli Lilly and Company and BioNTech AG announced they have entered into a research collaboration to discover novel cancer immunotherapies. The companies will seek to use the power of the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells and create possible new treatment options for cancer patients. [Eli Lilly] Press Release

Food and Drug Administration Advisory Panel Voted 12 to 1 to Recommend Approval of ORKAMBI™ (Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor) to Treat People with Cystic Fibrosis Ages 12 and Older Who Have Two Copies of the F508del Mutation
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Pulmonary-Allergy Drugs Advisory Committee voted 12 to 1 to recommend that the FDA approve ORKAMBI™ for use in people with cystic fibrosis ages 12 and older who have two copies of the F508del mutation in the CFTR gene. [Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated] Press Release

POLICY NEWS

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

EVENTS

NEW Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Congress
September 3-4, 2015
London, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pulmonary cell community.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES

NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Transplant Immunology (Washington University)

NEW Research Group Leader – Epigenetics and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (BioMed X Innovation Center)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Senior PostDoc/Research Group Leader – Chronic Lung Disease (Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology and Virology (Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Systems Biology (Van Andel Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Position – Lung Cancer (University of California, San Francisco)

PhD Position – Development of a 3D In Vitro Model of Infected Airway (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Pulmonary Developmental Pathology (Drexel University College of Medicine)

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